Page 6 - Demo

4 ISCAR MILLING APPLICATIONS AND CUTTER BASICSSymbols and units*A %u2013 removed cross-section area, mm2 (in2)AE %u2013 angle of engagementa %u2013 depth of removed crosssection, mm (in)ae %u2013 width of cut (radial depth of cut, w.o.c., WOC), mm (in)ap %u2013 depth of cut (axial depth of cut, d.o.c., DOC), mm (in)b %u2013 width of removed crosssection, mm (in)d %u2013 cutting diameter, mm (in)F %u2013 total (resultant) cutting force, N (lbf)Fa %u2013 axial cutting force, N (lbf)Fb %u2013 bending force, N (lbf)Fr %u2013 radial cutting force, N (lbf)Ft %u2013 tangential cutting force, N (lbf)f, fr %u2013 feed per revolution (feed), mm/rev (inch per revolution, ipr, IPR)fz %u2013 feed per tooth, mm/tooth (inch per tooth, ipt, IPT)h %u2013 chip thickness, mm (in)hmax %u2013 maximum chip thickness, mm (in)kc %u2013 actual specific cutting force, N/mm2 (ksi)kc1 %u2013 specific cutting force to remove a material chip area of 1 mm2(.0016 in2) with 1 mm (.004 in) thickness, N/mm2 (ksi)Mc %u2013 cutting torque, Nm (lbf%u00d7in)mc %u2013 material factor in the equation for finding actual chip thicknessn %u2013 rotational velocity (spindle speed), rpm, RPMQ %u2013 metal removal rate (MRR), cm3/min (in3/min)Pc %u2013 cutting power, kW (hp, HP)vc %u2013 cutting speed, m/min (sfm, SFM)vf %u2013 feed speed (feed rate, table feed, minute feed), mm/min (inch per minute, ipm, IPM) %u2013 clearance (clearance angle, relief, relief angle)%u03b3 %u2013 rake (rake angle)%u03b3f, %u03b3r %u2013 side rake (radial rake, side rake angle, radial rake angle)%u03b3o %u2013 orthogonal rake (orthogonal rake angle, effective rake)%u03b3p, %u03b3a %u2013 back rake (axial rake, back rake angle, axial rake angle)%u03b7 %u2013 machine tool efficiency%u03ba %u2013 cutting edge angle (entering angle, entrance angle)%u03ba' %u2013 minor cutting edge angle%u03bb %u2013 cutting edge inclination%u03bbs, %u03c9 %u2013 flute helix angle%u03c6 %u2013 angular pitch (pitch angle)%u03c8 %u2013 lead angle (approach angle)* in the metric system (units in the US customary system are given in brackets)