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TITANIUM GRADES   Table 1 shows some typical titanium grades and their use in industry.



                        Table 1 - Application Of Selected Titanium Grades

                        Group
                                    Designation
                                                     Conditions Application examples
                        Commercially

                                    ASTM
                                                                Medical equipment, implants, chemical
                        pure
                                                      A
                                    Grades
                                                                equipment, marine and aircraft parts

                        titanium
                                    1-4
                        α-titanium
                                                      A
                                    Ti-5Al-2.5Sn
                                                                Aircrafts (compressor blades, pipelines),
                        alloys
                                                                Airframes
                        near-α-
                                                                Welded corrosion-resistance parts
                        titanium alloys Ti-6Al-1Mo-2Cb-1Ta
                                                      R
                        α-β-titanium   Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V  DA        steam turbine blades
                                    Ti-6Al-4V
                                                      A; STA
                                                                Turbine and compressor blades,
                        alloys      Ti-7Al-4Mo        STA       disks, fasteners, rocket parts
                                                                Airframes, rocket parts
                        β- and      Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al   A; STA    Fasteners, stressed structure elements, rocket parts
                        near        Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al    STA       High-strength parts, airframes, landing gears
                        β-titanium  Ti-5Al-5Mo--      A; STA    High-strength parts, airframes, landing gears
                        alloys      5V-1Cr-1Fe        STA       High-strength parts, airframes, landing gears
                                    Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr
                        A- annealed, DA - duplex annealed, R - rolled, STA - solution treated and aged
                         Titanium received its name from Martin Klaproth, a German chemist, one of the discoverers of
                         titanium in the end of 18th century. Klaproth, who found the oxide of a new metal in an ore, gave
                         it the name of the mythical giants – the Titans. However, there is another and more exotic version,
                         according to which the source of the name “titanium” is Titania, the Queen of the Fairies and the
                         wife of King Oberon in William Shakespeare’s “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” . With the combination
                         of an ability to withstand titanic stress and its fairylike lightness, titanium fully justifies its name.













                                        α−Τi              α−β−Τi                  β−Τi








                                       Ductility                                 Strength





                        Fig. 1 Ductility-strength properties of titanium alloys











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